The Additional Roles of United Nations Peacekeepers Discussion

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I’m working on a history discussion question and need the explanation and answer to help me learn.

The United Nations was formed at the end of World War II, a catastrophe of enormous magnitude that killed over 50 million people. One of the U.N.’s founding missions was to prevent and mitigate the scourge of war. When one thinks of the U.N., the image of blue-helmeted or blue-bereted peacekeeping troops often comes to mind.

Most peacekeeping missions come about when the two conflicting parties request the U.N. to interpose a force. This can provide time and space for the two sides to invite mediation, negotiate, and hopefully reach a settlement, although some U.N. peacekeeping missions have become semi-permanent. This type of mission is usually authorized using the authority of Chapter 6 of the U.N. Charter, which directs member states to settle disputes peacefully. Another situation where peacekeepers can be interposed or another military action taken is by Security Council resolution under Chapter 7, which does not require the consent of the states that are involved.

All U.N. troops and most of the equipment comes from the member countries themselves. Here’s a list of the countries (PDF) (UN Peacekeeping)Links to an external site. that contribute uniformed personnel to U.N. missions as of March 2023. View the U.N. Peacekeeping mapLinks to an external site. naming the acronyms of the various missions.

An interesting aspect of U.N. peacekeeping is that the countries that are assigned to a particular mission are most effective when they are perceived as neutral and not aligned. For example, countries such as Nigeria or Bangladesh can send peacekeepers where troops of major powers might not be welcome. Japan’s gradual shift from providing only logistical support to full-on Self-Defense Force deployment to Cambodia in 2012 highlighted a change in public willingness in that country to take a more assertive role in U.N. operations.

Instructions

1. Watch the video, Role of the United Nations in Regulating Conflict & Maintaining Peace (YouTube 7:33)Links to an external site.
2. Answer the following questions:
   1. What roles besides peacekeeping can the United Nations and member countries’ military forces play in conflicts, disasters, or humanitarian crises?
   2. Can the use of armed forces in this way contribute to international security? How?
   3. On a scale of 1 (“totally ineffective”) to 10 (“extremely effective”), how effective do you believe the UN is at solving international crises and conflicts?