Explicit knowledge is what employees can typically learn only through experience.
Question 2(1 point)
The entire process of reinforcement is a continuous cycle, and the repetition of behaviors is strengthened to the degree that reinforcement continues to occur.
Question 3(1 point)
For positive reinforcement to be successful, an employee needs to see a direct link between his or her behavior and the desired outcome.
Question 4(1 point)
Research shows that desired behaviors tend to disappear much more quickly when reinforcement is discontinued under fixed plans.
Question 5(1 point)
Those with a performance-prove orientation focus on demonstrating their competence so that others will not think poorly of them.
Question 6(1 point)
The rational decision-making model assumes that people are very rarely perfectly rational.
Question 7(1 point)
Social identity theory holds that people identify themselves by the groups to which they belong and perceive and judge others by their group memberships.
Question 8(1 point)
Framing is the tendency to judge things erroneously based on a reference that is near to them.
Question 9(1 point)
Learning has a weak positive effect on commitment.
Question 10(1 point)
Transfer of training occurs when the knowledge, skills, and behaviors used on the job are maintained by the learner once training ends and generalized to the workplace once the learner returns to the job.
Question 11(1 point)
_____ knowledge is not easily communicated but could very well be the most important aspect of what we learn in organizations.
Question 12(1 point)
Which of the following is a characteristic of tacit knowledge?
Question 13(1 point)
Tacit knowledge _____.
Question 14(1 point)
Vincent has worked at The Shadows restaurant for several years and in the restaurant industry for almost 30 years. He can’t really explain it, but he “just knows” which applicants are the ones to hire. His intuition most likely comes from a high level of _____ that he has of the industry in general and this restaurant in particular.
Question 15(1 point)
Explicit knowledge _____.
Question 16(1 point)
Which of these occurs when an unwanted outcome follows an unwanted behavior?
Question 17(1 point)
James is the new manager of operations at Springfield Motors. To his dismay, he finds the employees coming in late to work, taking long breaks, and behaving unprofessionally at their workstations. James decides to promote desirable work practices. He plans to introduce incentives for meeting the required targets but, at the same time, to withhold those incentives when employees’ are late, take long breaks, or behave unprofessionally. Identify the contingencies that James is planning to implement.
Question 18(1 point)
Jackson High School introduced a scholarship of $1,000 for students who maintain 100 percent attendance. This is an example of using _____.
Question 19(1 point)
_____ schedules are designed to reinforce behaviors at random points in time.
Question 20(1 point)
Which schedule reinforces behaviors after a certain number of them have been exhibited?
Question 21(1 point)
A salaried paycheck is an example of a _____ reinforcement schedule, whereas piece-rate pay is an example of a _____ reinforcement schedule.
Question 22(1 point)
_____ theory argues that people in organizations have the ability to learn through the observation of others.
Question 23(1 point)
________ does not always result in positive outcomes for the organization because employees who witness other employees not being punished for leaving early, taking long lunch breaks, and taking supplies home may engage in the same counterproductive activities.
Question 24(1 point)
_____ decisions are decisions that become somewhat automatic because people’s knowledge allows them to recognize and identify a situation and the course of action that needs to be taken.
Question 25(1 point)
The tendency of people to see their environment only as it affects them and as it is consistent with their expectations is called:
Question 26(1 point)
A(n) _____ occurs when assumptions are made about others on the basis of their membership in a social group.
Question 27(1 point)
_____ are simple, efficient rules of thumb that allow us to make decisions more easily.
Question 28(1 point)
Albert is the manager of a large retail store, with the authority to hire employees. The store does not have a specialized human resource executive, and Albert himself conducts selection interviews. Albert has not received any training on selection and recruitment. Albert does not prepare in advance for interviews. He asks questions that come to his mind easily during interviews. He often finds that he does not hire good employees. This indicates _____.
Question 29(1 point)
About six months ago, Sally figured out that if she left her house in time to catch the early bus, she would not have to encounter her ex-husband on the way to work. As a result, Sally has been coming to work early. Her colleagues are under the impression that Sally is a hard-charging, ambitious person. Sally’s colleagues are subject to: